青藏高原隆升与环境效应   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17  

黎敦朋  肖爱芳  李新林  周小康 《陕西地质》2004,22(1):1-10

通过对青藏高原北缘库木库里盆地新生代沉积建造、孢粉、阶地热年龄、沉积响应的调查研究，得出青藏高原新生代的渐新世、上新世和更新世一全新世形成的三套磨拉石建造代表青藏高原最强烈的三次隆升作用；自渐新世以来到上新世晚期高原隆升幅度达1500～2000m，更新世、全新世高原隆升了约2500m，46．4Ka．Bp至今高原隆升了约44m；青藏高原的隆升速率由渐新世开始有愈来愈强烈的趋势，预示青藏高原的隆升是一个多阶段、不等速和非均变的复杂过程；根据库木库里盆地沉积演化揭示青藏高原的隆升经历了早中渐新世早期隆升期、晚渐新世——早中新世早期稳定剥蚀夷平期、早中新世中晚期小幅隆升期、中中新世较稳定剥蚀夷平期、晚中新世振荡隆升期、上新世快速隆升期、更新世一全新世强烈隆升期共七个隆升阶段；并探讨了高原隆升引起的气候干燥、生物灭绝、荒漠化等多种环境效应。  相似文献   

用遗传算法反演地壳的变密度模型   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

柯小平  王勇  许厚泽 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2004,29(11):981-984

用青藏高原布格重力异常资料 ,结合亚东 格尔木地学断面得到的Moho面结构 ,反演了青藏高原中部地壳内密度随深度变化的指数分布函数 ,试验得出地壳表层与地幔的密度差约为 - 0 .92 6 g·cm-3 ,地壳的平均密度值为 2 .75 0 g·cm-3 。  相似文献   

青藏高原Pn波研究进展及问题     

李永华 《国际地震动态》2004,(2):6-8

简要总结了青藏高原地区Pn波速度结构、各向异性研究进展；介绍了Pn波速度结构、各向异性等在岩石圈结构、构造背景反映等方面的应用研究进展。分析了目前青藏高原Pn波研究中存在的一些问题。  相似文献   

被动微波遥感估算雪水当量研究进展与展望   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

车涛  李新 《地球科学进展》2004,19(2):204-210

被动微波遥感可以透过云层，全天候地提供地表一定深度的信息。星载被动微波遥感传感器的时间分辨率很高，在冰冻圈动态研究中有着重要的地位。在最近的二三十年中，大量被动微波遥感的应用都是在美国、加拿大、欧洲等地，而我国在这方面的研究相对较少。首先介绍了被动微波遥感数据在监测积雪方面的国内外研究进展，对现存的雪水当量（SWE）估算算法（和模型）的适用性进行讨论。然后，详细讨论了我国西部的青藏高原地区雪水当量的估算，阐明了利用SSM／I数据估算青藏高原地区雪水当量的复杂性，并指出了其复杂性产生的原因，提出了解决问题的方法，为该地区积雪动态的进一步研究提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

A Modeling Study of the Effects of Anomalous Snow Cover over the Tibetan Plateau upon the South Asian Summer Monsoon   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘华强  孙照渤王举 闵锦忠 《大气科学进展》2004,21(6):964-975

The effect of anomalous snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau upon the South Asian summer monsoon is investigated by numerical simulations using the NCAR regional climate model (RegCM2) into which gravity wave drag has been introduced. The simulations adopt relatively realistic snow mass forcings based on Scanning Multi-channel Microwave Radiometer (SNINIR) pentad snow depth data. The physical mechanism and spatial structure of the sensitivity of the South Asian early summer monsoon to snow cover anomaly over the Tibetan Plateau are revealed. The main results are summarized as follows. The heavier than normal snow cover over the Plateau can obviously reduce the shortwave radiation absorbed by surface through the albedo effect, which is compensated by weaker upward sensible heat flux associated with colder surface temperature, whereas the effects of snow melting and evaporation are relatively smaller.The anomalies of surface heat fluxes can last until June and become unobvious in July. The decrease of the Plateau surface temperature caused by heavier snow cover reaches its maximum value from late April to early May. The atmospheric cooling in the mid-upper troposphere over the Plateau and its surrounding areas is most obvious in May and can keep a fairly strong intensity in June. In contrast, there is warming to the south of the Plateau in the mid-lower troposphere from April to June with a maximum value in May.The heavier snow cover over the Plateau can reduce the intensity of the South Asian summer monsoon and rainfall to some extent, but this influence is only obvious in early summer and almost disappears in later stages.  相似文献   

肇源松花江特大桥暖棚法养护主墩混凝土施工的应用     

邹德明  王志文  姜宝峰 《吉林地质》2004,23(4):97-100

混凝土冬季暖棚加热法是一个古老工艺，存在生产方式落后，生产效率低下，环境污染严重，生产成本高昂的弱点。但本文所述方法，恰恰是在古老工艺思维的基础上，充分发挥了现代自动燃油加温设备的优势．通过输送蒸汽、吹热风，使暖棚满足混凝土拌和、浇筑和养护的温度，保证了质量要求，实现混凝土冬季施工．为提前工期创造了条件。  相似文献   

IMPACT OF UPLIFT OF TIBETAN PLATEAU AND CHANGE OF LAND-OCEAN DISTRIBUTION ON CLIMATE OVER ASIA     

陈隆勋  刘骥平  周秀骥  汪品先 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2000,(4)

Using an improved CCM1/NCAR climate dynamic model and a combination distribution ofland-ocean-vegetation during 40-50 MaBP,a series of numerical experiments representingdifferent stages of the Tibetan Plateau uplifting and different land-ocean distributions are designedto discuss the influence of the Plateau uplifting and land-ocean distribution variation on Asianclimate change.It is shown that Tibetan Plateau uplifting can firstly increase the precipitation inChina during the period from initial uplift to half height of modern Tibetan Plateau and thendecrease the rainfall during the time from the half height to the present plateau.At the same time.the uplifting can reduce surface air temperature over China.Besides.the effects of the uplift andland-ocean distribution change on the variation of winter and summer Asian monsoon circulationare also discussed.  相似文献   

STUDY ON CLIMATIC FEATURES OF SURFACE TURBULENT HEAT EXCHANGE COEFFICIENTS AND SURFACE THERMAL SOURCES OVER THE QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

ZHAO Ping  CHEN Longxun 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2000,14(1):13-29

Using monthly mean of surface turbulent heat exchange coefficients calculated based on datafrom four automatic weather stations(AWS)for thermal equilibrium observation in July 1993—September 1996 and of surface conventional measurements,an empirical expression is establishedfor such coefficients.With the expression,the heat exchange coefficients and the components ofsurface thermal source are computed in terms of 1961—1990 monthly mean conventional data from148 stations over the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan)Plateau(QXP)and its adjoining areas,and the1961—1990 climatic means are examined.Evidence suggests that the empirical expression is capable of showing the variation of the heatexchange coefficient in a climatic context.The monthly variation of the coefficients averaged overthe QXP is in a range of 4×10~(-3)-5×10~(-3).The wintertime values are bigger in the mountainsthan in the valleys and reversal in summer.Surface effective radiation and sensible heat are thedominant factors of surface total heat.In spring surface sensible heat is enhanced quickly,resulting in two innegligible regions of sensible heat,one in the west QXP and the other innorthern Tibet.with their maximums emerging in different months.In spring and summersensible heat and surface effective radiation are higher in the west than in the east.The effectiveradiation peaks for the east in October—December and the whole QXP and in June and October forthe west.The surface total heat of the plateau maximizes in May.minimizes in December andJanuary,and shows seasonal variation more remarkable in the SW compared to the eastern part.Inthe SW plateau the total heat is much more intense than the eastern counterpart in all the seasonsexcept winter.Under the effect of the sensible heat,the total heat on the SW plateau starts toconsiderably intensify in February,which leads to a predominant heating region in the west,withits center experiencing a noticeable westward migration early in summer and twice pronouncedweakening in July and after October.However,the weakening courses are owing to differentcauses.The total heat over the north of QXP is greatly strengthened in March.thus generatinganother significant thermal region in the plateau.  相似文献   

青藏高原东部积雪与影响福建的热带气旋频数   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

吴滨 《气象》2000,26(12):20-23

应用青藏高原东部１７个测站１９５７～１９８８年秋冬季（１１～２月）平均积雪深度及积雪日数资料,分析了积雪深度及积雪日数异常年夏季５００ｈＰａ高度场的不同分布形态,同时对照登陆及影响福建的热带气旋偏多年及偏少年５００ｈＰａ高度场的分布特征,得出青藏高原秋冬季积雪深度偏小（大）年夏季热气旋频数偏多（少）,而积雪日数偏多年,夏季热带气旋频数偏少。  相似文献   

青藏高原地表分类及其东北部辐射通量的二维数值模拟   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

程麟生  宋振鑫  杨德保 《高原气象》2000,19(2):198-213

通过对青藏高原地区地表特征的格点分类及沿五道梁站的经向二维中尺度数值模拟,结果发现：青藏高原地区１３类地表特征都有,尽管其植被自西北向东南呈带状分布,但仍十分复杂;而其地表特征的这种格点分类为该地区的高分辨数值模式模拟提供了极其有用的下边界条件。地面净辐射通量及其诸分量的模拟结果与观测结果的相当接近与一致表明,该模式具有模拟青藏高原地区地面通量日变化的能力。模拟结果和观测分析还指出：夏天睛天条件下  相似文献